The Department of Homeland Security is moving aggressively to scrutinize the integrity of this November’s midterm elections, with Secretary Markwayne Mullin announcing the department will actively examine early voting records, comb state voter rolls for noncitizens, and pursue penalties against election officials who refuse to cooperate with the effort. The announcement marks one of the

The Department of Homeland Security is moving aggressively to scrutinize the integrity of this November’s midterm elections, with Secretary Markwayne Mullin announcing the department will actively examine early voting records, comb state voter rolls for noncitizens, and pursue penalties against election officials who refuse to cooperate with the effort. The announcement marks one of the most assertive federal interventions into state-run election administration in recent memory, and it comes as President Trump has made election security a central theme heading into the fall campaign.
Mullin laid out the plan Friday, one day after President Trump addressed the nation from the East Room of the White House, asserting that previously classified documents reveal significant vulnerabilities in America’s election infrastructure. During that address, Trump said a DHS investigation had identified more than 250,000 noncitizens registered to vote in federal elections, a figure the administration says underscores the urgent need for tighter safeguards before millions of Americans head to the polls this fall.
“We will pursue maximum pressure on this,” Mullin said, laying out the department’s approach in stark terms. “To let you know, we will be proactively looking at early voting, and then after, post-election, we will continue to scrub all those that did vote.” The secretary made clear that DHS intends to examine the integrity of ballots cast both before and after Election Day, a broader scope of scrutiny than has typically accompanied past federal election security efforts.
Central to the department’s strategy is the Systematic Alien Verification for Entitlements program, commonly known as SAVE, a citizenship verification database that DHS is urging states to use for cross-checking their voter rolls. Mullin said states that voluntarily participate in the SAVE program will receive federal resources and training support to help maintain accurate rolls. “From us, if states participate in the SAVE program, we’ll provide the resources and training to support state election integrity,” he said. “We’re not trying to change the outcome; we’re trying to make sure that American people can trust our voting system.”
For states that decline to cooperate, however, Mullin signaled the department will not simply move on. He said DHS will instead turn to publicly available voting records in those states and manually cross-reference them against available data. “Those states that don’t participate with us, they have public records of those that voted, which is where we found the 250,000 from the four states that don’t participate with us. We will go through those records one by one, and we will pursue everybody,” Mullin said.
The secretary went further, threatening financial and even criminal consequences for state and local election officials who refuse to work with the department after being presented with DHS findings. “If the election officials, once we gave them the information they need to secure their elections, and they chose not to, then those individuals can also be held accountable by fines, by penalties, and even depending on how far it goes, prison time,” Mullin said, according to multiple reports of his remarks.
DHS also confirmed that the department’s security team, working alongside the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, will release an updated election infrastructure plan within 30 days, giving states a formal roadmap for the kinds of security measures the federal government expects them to adopt before ballots are cast this fall. That plan is expected to lay out specific technical and procedural benchmarks states will need to meet to remain in good standing with the department.
The administration has framed the entire effort as a matter of restoring public confidence in a system that millions of Americans, particularly Republican voters, have said they do not fully trust.
Trump has repeatedly argued that lax voter roll maintenance and insufficient identification requirements have left the door open to fraud and foreign interference, and he has pushed Congress to pass what the administration calls the SAVE America Act, which would impose stricter voter identification standards nationwide.
Predictably, the announcement has drawn sharp pushback from state election officials in both parties, some of whom argue the administration’s approach risks undermining the very confidence it claims to be protecting. Pennsylvania’s Republican secretary of state, Al Schmidt, pushed back directly on DHS’s claims about his state’s voter rolls, stating flatly that Pennsylvania follows all applicable state and federal election laws and that its rolls are properly maintained and updated.
“In Pennsylvania, every voter must take steps to verify their identity before they cast a ballot, including providing proper identification every time they register to vote, vote by mail, or vote at a new polling place,” Schmidt said. “All evidence has shown that noncitizen voting is extremely rare across the country, including in Pennsylvania.”
Idaho’s attorney general’s office, also led by a Republican, sent its own pointed response to the Department of Justice after receiving similar demands, telling federal officials that “insinuations of criminal violations of the federal election laws are not well taken.” The pushback from Republican officials in both states suggests the administration’s aggressive posture has generated friction even among natural political allies who nonetheless bristle at what they view as federal overreach into an area of election administration that has traditionally been left to the states.
It is worth noting that the SAVE database itself has drawn scrutiny over its accuracy. Voting rights researchers and some election administrators have pointed out that the system has a track record of producing inflated counts of registered noncitizens, often flagging naturalized citizens or others who are, in fact, legally eligible to vote due to outdated or incomplete data. DHS has acknowledged that states using the SAVE program for voter list maintenance are required to conduct further individualized investigation of any matches the system produces before removing anyone from the rolls, a safeguard designed specifically to prevent eligible voters from being wrongly purged.
Even so, administration officials maintain that the underlying problem, some number of noncitizens improperly registered to vote in federal elections, is real and demands a serious federal response regardless of imperfections in any single verification tool.
Trump’s own framing of the issue during Thursday’s address leaned heavily on the more than 250,000 figure, though DHS has not yet released a full public accounting of the methodology behind that number, and the department has faced questions from journalists about how exactly the figure was calculated.
The stakes of the administration’s approach extend well beyond the immediate midterm cycle. By threatening to withhold cooperation or funding or even pursue criminal penalties against officials who decline to hand over sensitive voter data, DHS is effectively testing the limits of federal authority over what has historically been an area dominated by state control.
States have generally guarded their voter registration systems closely, citing both privacy concerns for individual voters and long-standing constitutional deference to state authority over election administration.
Conservatives have broadly welcomed the administration’s posture, arguing that after years of Democratic officials and legacy media dismissing any concern about voter roll accuracy as baseless conspiracy theorizing, a serious federal review is long overdue. Supporters of the effort point to the sheer scale of America’s voter rolls, spread across thousands of county and municipal jurisdictions with wildly inconsistent maintenance standards, as reason enough to justify a coordinated federal push to identify and correct errors before millions of ballots are cast.
Critics, meanwhile, warn the administration’s approach risks becoming a vehicle for sowing doubt about legitimate election outcomes rather than genuinely improving accuracy. State officials who spoke to reporters on condition of candor said they worry the administration could use inflated or unverified noncitizen voting figures to cast doubt on midterm results, particularly in states where Republican candidates underperform expectations.
That concern has only intensified given that some of DHS’s current point people on election matters have previously drawn criticism for promoting claims about past elections that were later debunked, including widely circulated but unsubstantiated theories about the 2020 presidential contest.
Those concerns notwithstanding, the administration has shown no sign of slowing its timeline. With the updated election infrastructure plan due within 30 days of Mullin’s announcement, and with DHS already actively pursuing public voting records in states that have declined to cooperate, the department’s early voting review is expected to be well underway before ballots even begin going out in earnest this fall.
For voters heading into the midterms, the practical impact of the DHS effort will likely vary significantly by state, depending on whether local officials choose to cooperate voluntarily with the SAVE program or force the department to rely on public records instead.
States that cooperate stand to receive federal resources and training support, while those that resist may find themselves facing funding threats, public scrutiny of their voter rolls, and in the most serious cases, the threat of criminal referrals against the officials responsible for administering their elections.